By default the e network adapter type will be used by Packer. For more information, please consult Choosing a network adapter for your virtual machine for desktop VMware clients. Sets the vmx value "ethernet0. Defaults to false.
It has a format of Type:option1,option2, FILE:path ,yield - Specifies the path to the local file to be used as the serial port. If path is empty, then default to the first serial port. PIPE:path,endpoint,host ,yield - Specifies to use the named-pipe "path" as a serial port.
This has a few options that determine how the VM should use the named-pipe. AUTO: yield - Specifies to use auto-detection to determine the serial port to use. This has one option to determine how the VM should support the serial port.
NONE - Specifies to not use a serial port. It has the format of Type:option1,option2, FILE:path - Specifies the path to the local file to be used for the parallel port.
AUTO:direction - Specifies to use auto-detection to determine the parallel port. Direction can be BI to specify bidirectional communication or UNI to specify unidirectional communication. NONE - Specifies to not use a parallel port.
This may be relative or absolute. If relative, the path is relative to the working directory when packer is executed. Packer will not create the remote datastore for you; it must already exist. However, Packer will create all directories defined in the option that do not currently exist. This option will be ignored unless you are building on a remote esx host.
When this value is set to true, the machine will start without a console. For VMware machines, Packer will output VNC connection information in case you need to connect to the console to debug the build process. Some users have experienced issues where Packer cannot properly connect to a VM if it is headless; this appears to be a result of not ever having launched the VMWare GUI and accepting the evaluation license, or supplying a real license. If you experience this, launching VMWare and accepting the license should resolve your problem.
By default packer will use If you wish to bind to all interfaces use 0. Because Packer generally runs in parallel, Packer uses a randomly chosen port in this range that appears available. By default this is to The minimum and maximum ports are inclusive. This must be set to true if building on ESXi 6. Remote builds using ESXi 6. Valid values are darwin, linux, and windows. By default, this is empty, which means VMware tools won't be uploaded. This is for advanced users who want to set properties that aren't yet supported by the builder.
This is for advanced users who understand the ramifications, but is useful for building Vagrant boxes since Vagrant will create ethernet interfaces when provisioning a box. This will override the "displayname" value in your vmx file. This option is useful if you are chaining vmx builds and want to make sure that the display name of each step in the chain is unique.
This defaults to "ovf" for remote esx builds, and "vmx" for local builds. Before using this option, you need to install ovftool. If you are building locally, Packer will create a vmx and then export that vm to an ovf or ova. Packer will not delete the vmx and vmdk files; this is left up to the user if you don't want to keep those files.
Each item in the array is a new argument. When true, Packer will not export the VM. This can be useful if the build output is not the resultant image, but created inside the VM. In certain rare cases, this might actually end up making the resulting disks slightly larger. If you find this to be the case, you can disable compaction using this configuration value.
If this is set, most provisioners also can't be used. This is usually the default. In addition to the above, some builders have custom communicators they can use. For example, the Docker builder has a "docker" communicator that uses docker exec and docker cp to execute scripts and copy files.
By default, there is no pause. But once a connection attempt is successful, it will disconnect and then wait 10 minutes before connecting to the guest and beginning provisioning. This usually is automatically configured by the builder. This defaults to Required if using SSH. The default value is [ "aesgcm openssh. Valid options for ciphers include: "aesctr", "aesctr", "aesctr", " aesgcm openssh. This is a mostly cosmetic option, since Packer will delete the temporary private key from the host system regardless of whether this is set to true unless the user has set the -debug flag.
Defaults to "false"; currently only works on guests with sed installed. Acceptable values include: " curvesha libssh. This defaults to false. Packer uses this to determine when the machine has booted so this is usually quite long. Example value: 10m. Defaults to Set to a negative value -1s to disable. Example value: 10s. Defaults to 5s. This might be useful if, for example, packer hangs on a connection after a reboot. Example: 5m. Disabled by default. This has the effect of bypassing any configured proxies when connecting to the remote host.
Default to false. This defaults to 30m since setting up a Windows machine generally takes a long time. Further reading for remote connection authentication can be found here. The strings are all typed in sequence. It is an array only to improve readability within the template. There are a set of special keys available. If these are in your boot command, they will be replaced by the proper key:.
This is useful if you have to generally wait for the UI to update before typing more. The format of XX is a sequence of positive decimal numbers, each with optional fraction and a unit suffix, such as ms , 1.
Be sure to release them, otherwise they will be held down until the machine reboots. Example boot command. This is actually a working boot command used to start an CentOS 6. The example shown below is a working boot command used to start an Ubuntu For more examples of various boot commands, see the sample projects from our community templates page. The boot command "typed" character for character over a VNC connection to the machine, simulating a human actually typing the keyboard.
The delay alleviates issues with latency and CPU contention. The value of this should be a duration. Examples are 5s and 1m30s which will cause Packer to wait five seconds and one minute 30 seconds, respectively.
If this isn't specified, a sensible default value is picked depending on the builder type. If this isn't specified, the default is 10s or 10 seconds. The goal of these commands should be to type just enough to initialize the operating system installer.
Special keys can be typed as well, and are covered in the section below on the boot command. If this is not specified, it is assumed the installer will start itself. The heart of a VMware machine is the "vmx" file. This contains all the virtual hardware metadata necessary for the VM to function. Packer by default uses a safe, flexible VMX file. But for advanced users, this template can be customized.
This allows Packer to build virtual machines of effectively any guest operating system type. Here is a basic example. This example is functional if you have an OVF matching the settings here.
By default Packer halts the virtual machine and the file system may not be sync'd. Thus, changes made in a provisioner might not be saved. There are many configuration options available for the builder. In addition to the items listed here, you will want to look at the general configuration references for ISO , HTTP , Floppy , Export , Boot , Shutdown , Run , Communicator configuration references, which are necessary for this build to succeed and can be found further down the page.
The type of the checksum can also be omitted and Packer will try to infer it based on string length. Here is a list of valid checksum values:. This can be useful for passing keepallmacs or keepnatmacs options for existing ovf images. By default, it will go in the packer cache, with a hash of the original filename as its name. Defaults to false. When enabled, Packer will not export the VM.
Useful if the build output is not the resultant image, but created inside the VM. Valid options are upload , attach , or disable. If the mode is attach the guest additions ISO will be attached as a CD device to the virtual machine. The default value is upload. If disable is used, guest additions won't be downloaded, either. Options are "ide" and "sata". By default this is VBoxGuestAdditions.
This is a configuration template where the Version variable is replaced with the VirtualBox version. By default the checksums will be downloaded from the VirtualBox website, so this only needs to be set if you want to be explicit about the checksum. By default, the VirtualBox builder will attempt to find the guest additions ISO on the local file system. If it is not available locally, the builder will download the proper guest additions ISO from the internet.
The example shown below sets the memory and number of CPUs within the virtual machine:. The value of vboxmanage is an array of commands to execute. These commands are executed in the order defined. So in the above example, the memory will be set followed by the CPUs. Each command itself is an array of strings, where each string is an argument to VBoxManage.
Each argument is treated as a configuration template. The only available variable is Name which is replaced with the unique name of the VM, which is required for many VBoxManage calls. The files in this directory will be available over HTTP that will be requestable from the virtual machine. This is useful for hosting kickstart files and so on. By default this is an empty string, which means no HTTP server will be started.
This is covered in more detail below. By default this is empty, which means no HTTP server will be started. Because Packer often runs in parallel, Packer will choose a randomly available port in this range to run the HTTP server. If you want to force the HTTP server to be on one port, make this minimum and maximum port the same.
By default the values are and , respectively. Defaults to 0. A floppy can be made available for your build. This is most useful for unattended Windows installs, which look for an Autounattend.
By default, no floppy will be attached. All files listed in this setting get placed into the root directory of the floppy and the floppy is attached as the first floppy device. The summary size of the listed files must not exceed 1. Currently, no support exists for creating sub-directories on the floppy. Directory names are also allowed, which will add all the files found in the directory to the floppy. This is useful for when your floppy disk includes drivers or if you just want to organize it's contents as a hierarchy.
An iso CD containing custom files can be made available for your build. By default, no extra CD will be attached.
All files listed in this setting get placed into the root directory of the CD and the CD is attached as the second CD device. This config exists to work around modern operating systems that have no way to mount floppy disks, which was our previous go-to for adding files at boot time. This can include either files or directories; any directories will be copied onto the CD recursively, preserving directory structure hierarchy.
Symlinks will have the link's target copied into the directory tree on the CD where the symlink was. File globbing is allowed. The above will create a CD with two files, user-data and meta-data in the CD root. This specific example is how you would create a CD that can be used for an Ubuntu Would also be an acceptable way to define the above cd.
The difference between providing the directory with or without the glob is whether the directory itself or its contents will be at the CD root. Use of this option assumes that you have a command line tool installed that can handle the iso creation.
Packer will use one of the following tools:. The keys represent the paths, and the values contents. This defaults to ovf. This can be useful for passing product information to include in the resulting appliance file. Packer JSON configuration file example:.
However, the JSON format does not allow arbitrary newlines within a value. This may be relative or absolute. If relative, the path is relative to the working directory when packer is executed. This directory must not exist or be empty prior to running the builder. When this value is set to true, the machine will start without a console.
By default packer will use If you wish to bind to all interfaces use 0. Packer uses a randomly chosen port in this range that appears available. By default this is to The minimum and maximum ports are inclusive. By default this is an empty string, which tells Packer to just forcefully shut down the machine unless a shutdown command takes place inside script so this may safely be omitted.
If one or more scripts require a reboot it is suggested to leave this blank since reboots may fail and specify the final shutdown command in your last script.
If it doesn't shut down in this time, it is an error. By default, the timeout is 5m or five minutes.
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